MATE Deliverable D1.1
Supported Coding Schemes
SWBD-DAMSL
(University of Colorado)
Coding book:
http://stripe.Colorado.EDU/~jurafsky/manual.august1.html
Authors: Dan Jurafsky, Liz Shriberg,
Debra Biasca
Title: Switchboard SWBD-DAMSL,
Shallow-Discourse-Function Annotation; Coders Manual, Draft 13
Number of annotators:
9 (linguists)
Number of dialogues annotated:
1155 conversations / over 250
000 utterances / 1.4 million words
Evaluation of scheme:
0.80 < k
< 0.84
Underlying task:
telephone conversation between
strangers
List of phenomena annotated:
-
Uninterpretable (%): But,
uh, yeah.
-
Non-verbal (x): [Laughter]
-
Abandoned or Turn-Exit (% -):
So,-
-
Self-talk (t1): What's
the world I'm looking for...
-
3rd-party-talk (t3): My
goodness, Diane, get down from there.
-
Forward-Communicative-Function
-
Statement-non-opinion (sd):
Me,
I'm in the legal department.
-
Statement-opinion (sv): I
think it's great.
-
Influencing-addressee-future-action
-
Yes-No-Question (qy): Do
you have to have any special training?
-
Wh-Question (qw): Well, how old
are you?
-
Open-Question (qo): How
about you?
-
Or-Clause (qrr): Or is
it more of a company?
-
Declarative Yes-No-Question (qy^d):
So you can afford to get a house?
-
Declarative Wh-Question (qw^d):
You are what kind of buff?
-
Tag-Question (^g): Right?
-
Action-directive (ad): Why
don't you go first?
-
Backchannel in question form (bh):
Is that right?
-
Rhetorical-Questions (qh):
Who
would steal a newspaper?
-
Committing-speaker-future-action
-
Offers, Options Commits (oo,cc,co):
I'll have to check that out.
-
Conventional-opening (fp):
How
are you?
-
Conventional-closing (fc):
Well,
it's been nice talking to you.
-
Thanking (ft): Hey thanks
a lot.
-
Backwards-Communicative-Function
-
Agree/Accept (aa): That's
exactly it.
-
Maybe/Accept-part (aap/am):
Something
like that.
-
Hold before answer/agreement (^h):
I'm drawing a blank.
-
Signal-non-understanding (br):
Excuse
me?
-
Response Acknowledgement (bk):
Oh,
okay.
-
Repeat-phase (b^m): Oh, fajitas.
-
Collaborative Completion (^2):
Who
aren't contributing?
-
Summarize/reformulate (bf):
Oh,
you mean you switched schools for the kids.
-
Appreciation (ba): I can
imagine.
-
Downplayer (bd): That's
all right.
-
Affirmative non-yes answers (na,ny^e):
It is.
-
Negative non-no answers (ng,nn^e):
Uh, not a whole lot.
-
Other answers (no): I don't
know.
-
Dispreferred answers (arp,nd):
Well,
not so much that.
-
Quotation (^q): You can't
be pregnant and have cats.
-
Hedge (h): I don't know
if I'm making any sense or not.
Examples:
ad |
A63
utt2: |
{C and
} think [what, + what's ] is going to be like for [ youngest, ] + [an +
] my oldest ] son, when he goes to school. |
qh |
A.63
utt3: |
What's
going to happen? / |
sd |
A.63
utt4: |
{E I
mean } [ I, + I'm ] afraid for him to go. / |
Mark-up language:
Variant of DAMSL
Existence of annotation tool:
None. Utterances are hand-labeled.
Usability:
Used for training stochastic
discourse grammars so as to build better Language Models (LM) for Automatic
Speech Recognition (ASR) of Switchboard. A variant of SWBD-DAMSL is CLARIFY
currently developed at the Carnegie Mellon University (Lori_Levin@alexis.boltz.cs.cmu.edu).
Contact person:
Daniel Jurafsky (jurafski@colorado.edu)
Last Modification: 27.8.1998
by Marion Klein